Authors:
Asma Belhadj
Me´caSurf Laboratory, Arts et me´tiers ParisTech, 13617 Aix en Provence, France and Me´canique Applique´e, Inge´nierie et Industrialisation (MA2I), E´cole Nationale d'Inge´nieurs de Tunis, 1002 Tunis, Tunisia

Jean-Eric Masse
Laurent Barrallier
Me´caSurf Laboratory, Arts et me´tiers ParisTech, 13617 Aix en Provence, France

Mahmoud Bouhafs
Jamel Bessrour
Me´canique Applique´e, Inge´nierie et Industrialisation (MA2I), E´cole Nationale d'Inge´nieurs de Tunis, 1002 Tunis, Tunisia

Magnesium alloys have a 33% lower density than aluminum alloys, whereas they exhibit the same mechanical characteristics. Their application increases in many economic sectors, in particular, in aeronautic and automotive industries. Nevertheless, their assembly with welding techniques still remains to be developed. In this paper, we present a CO₂ laser welding investigation of AM60 magnesium-based alloy. Welding parameters range is determinate for the joining of 3 mm thickness sheets. The effects of process parameters including beam power, welding speed, focusing position, and shielding gas flow are studied. Experimental results show that the main parameters that determine the weld quality are the laser beam power, the welding speed, and the shielding gas flow. The focal point position has a minor effect on weld quality, however, it has an influence on melting zone width. For optimized welding parameters, metallurgical observations show that after laser welding of AM60 alloy dendritic microstructure is observed on melting zone after high solidification rate. A small heat affected zone is also detected. Finally, hardness tests indicate that microhardness of the weld is higher than that of base metal.