JLA Vol:24 Iss:4 (Femtosecond laser welded nanostructures and plasmonic devices)

Authors:
A. Hu
P. Peng
H. Alarifi
X. Y. Zhang
J. Y. Guo
Y. Zhou
W. W. Duley
Array

Nanojoining, a burgeoning research area, becomes a key manufacturing of complicated nanodevices with functional prefabricated components. In this work, various nanojoining methods are first reviewed. For nanojoining of Ag/Au nanoparticles, three methods are investigated comparatively. Thermal annealing shows a two-step solid state diffusion mechanism. Laser annealing by millisecond pulses displays the thermal activated solid state diffusion. Meanwhile, two effects have been identified in femtosecond laser irradiation with diffe...

JLA Vol:24 Iss:4 (Morphology of nanoscale structures on fused silica surfaces from interaction with temporally tailored femtosecond pulses)

Authors:
Lars Englert
Matthias Wollenhaupt
Cristian Sarpe
Dirk Otto
Thomas Baumert
Institut fuer Physik and CINSaT, Universitaet Kassel, Heinrich-Plett-Str. 40, D-34132 Kassel, Germany

Laser control of two basic ionization processes on fused silica, i.e., multiphoton ionization and avalanche ionization, with temporally asymmetric pulse envelopes is investigated. Control leads to different final electron densities/energies as the direct temporal intensity profile and the time inverted intensity profile address the two ionization processes in a different fashion. This results in observed different thresholds for material modification o...

JLA Vol:24 Iss:4 (Optical trap assisted laser nanostructuring in the near-field of microparticles)

Authors:
Ulf Quentin
Karl-Heinz Leitz
Lutz Deichmann
Ilya Alexeev
Michael Schmidt
Array

Particle based near-field nanostructuring is an excellent possibility to overcome the optical diffraction limit in laser based material processing. In the near-field of microspheres which are irradiated with pulsed laser radiation, it is possible to generate nanoholes with diameters below 100 nm using a laser wavelength of 800 nm. To improve this approach, it is possible to position the microparticles with an optical trap to generate arbitrary structure geometries. In this paper, the authors describe the basic principle of optical trap assisted na...

JLA Vol:24 Iss:4 (Development of functional sub-100 nm structures with 3D two-photon polymerization technique and optical methods for characterization)

Authors:
V. Ferreras Paz
Institut fu¨r Technische Optik, Universita¨t Stuttgart, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany

M. Emons
Institut fu¨r Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universita¨t Hannover, 30167 Hannover, Germany

K. Obata
A. Ovsianikov
S. Peterha¨nsel
K. Frenner
C. Reinhardt
B. Chichkov
U. Morgner
W. Osten
Array

Investigations of two-photon polymerization (TPP) with sub-100 nm in the structuring resolution are presented by using photosensitive sol-gel material. The high photosensitivity of this material allows for TPP using a large variety in lase...

JLA Vol:24 Iss:4 (3D-steering and superfocusing of second-harmonic radiation through plasmonic nano antenna arrays)

Authors:
P. Reichenbach
L. M. Eng
U. Georgi
B. Voit
Array

Second-harmonic generation (SHG) of light at nanoparticles provides the possibility to generate light (of a desired frequency) in-situ instead of introducing it by focusing an external light beam. Our theoretical study provides steering SHG light through the superposition of the radiation from a number of nanoparticles which are arranged in a circle. The authors assume cone-shaped or rod-shaped nanoparticles. Their radiation can be modeled as radiating dipoles. The superposition of their fields yields a “hot spot” with a full width at half-maximum of around 100 nm. Eve...

JLA Vol:24 Iss:4 (Femtosecond laser-induced periodic surface structures)

Authors:
J. Bonse
J. Kru¨ger
S. Ho¨hm
A. Rosenfeld
Array

The formation of laser-induced periodic surface structures (LIPSS) in different materials (metals, semiconductors, and dielectrics) upon irradiation with linearly polarized fs-laser pulses (τ ∼ 30–150 fs, λ ∼ 800 nm) in air environment is studied experimentally and theoretically. In metals, predominantly low-spatial-frequency-LIPSS with periods close to the laser wavelength λ are observed perpendicular to the polarization. Under specific irradiation conditions, high-spatial-frequency-LIPSS with sub-100-nm spatial periods (∼λ/10) can be gene...

JLA Vol:24 Iss:4 (Laser-assisted nanofabrication of carbon nanostructures)

Authors:
Yun Shen Zhou
Wei Xiong
Jongbok Park
Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588-0511, USA

Min Qian
Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska, 68588-0511, USA and Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, People’s Republic of China

Masoud Mahjouri-Samani
Yang Gao
Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588-0511, USA

Lan Jiang
Department of Mechanical and Automation Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Bei...

JLA Vol:24 Iss:4 (Nanogratings in fused silica: Formation, control, and applications)

Authors:
So¨ren Richter
Matthias Heinrich
Sven Do¨ring
Andreas Tu¨nnermann
Stefan Nolte
Ulf Peschel
Array

The authors investigated the formation of periodic subwavelength structures, so-called nanogratings, in the volume of fused silica. These self-organized structures emerge upon irradiation with ultrashort laser pulses, undergoing three distinct stages of growth from randomly distributed nanostructures to extended domains with uniform periodicity. The experiments revealed that the cumulative action of subsequent laser pulses is mediated by dangling-bond type defects. On shorter time scales, transient self t...

JLA Vol:24 Iss:4 (Sub-100 nm material processing and imaging with a sub-15 femtosecond laser scanning microscope)

Authors:
Karsten Ko¨nig
Aisada Uchugonova
Martin Straub
Huijing Zhang
Martin Licht
Department of Biophotonics and Laser Technology, Faculty of Physics and Mechatronics, Saarland University, D-66123 Saarbru¨cken, Germany

Maziar Afshar
Dara Feili
Helmut Seidel
Department of Micromechanics, Microfluidics and Microactorics, Faculty of Physics and Mechatronics, Saarland University, D-66123 Saarbru¨cken, Germany

Low mean powers of 1–10 mW are sufficient for material nanoprocessing when using femtosecond laser microscopes. In particular, near infrared 12 fs laser pulses at pe...

JLA Vol:24 Iss:4 (In-process measuring procedure for sub-100 nm structures)

Authors:
M. Zimmermann
A. Tausendfreund
S. Patzelt
G. Goch
Bremen Institute for Metrology, Automation and Quality Science (BIMAQ), Linzer Straße 13, 28359 Bremen, Germany

S. Kieß
M. Z. Shaikh
M. Gregoire
S. Simon
Institute of Parallel and Distributed Systems (IPVS), Universita¨tsstraße 38, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany

Fast and nondestructive laser light scattering measurements characterize the quality of surfaces with sub-100 nm structures during the production process. The aim is to detect defective surface structures. The measurement procedure is based on a primary c...